Python接口自动化浅析requests请求封装原理

import requests
class RequestHandler:
 def get(self, url, **kwargs):
  """封装get方法"""
  # 获取请求参数
  params = kwargs.get("params")
  headers = kwargs.get("headers")
  try:
result = requests.get(url, params=params, headers=headers)
return result
  except Exception as e:
print("get请求错误: %s" % e)
 def post(self, url, **kwargs):
  """封装post方法"""
  # 获取请求参数
  params = kwargs.get("params")
  data = kwargs.get("data")
  json = kwargs.get("json")
  try:
result = requests.post(url, params=params, data=data, json=json)
return result
  except Exception as e:
print("post请求错误: %s" % e)
 def run_main(self, method, **kwargs):
  """
  判断请求类型
  :param method: 请求接口类型
  :param kwargs: 选填参数
  :return: 接口返回内容
  """
  if method == 'get':
result = self.get(**kwargs)
return result
  elif method == 'post':
result = self.post(**kwargs)
return result
  else:
print('请求接口类型错误')
if __name__ == '__main__':
 # 以下是测试代码
 # get请求接口
 url = 'https://api.apiopen.top/getJoke?page=1&count=2&type=video'
 res = RequestHandler().get(url)
 # post请求接口
 url2 = 'http://127.0.0.1:8000/user/login/'
 payload = {
  "username": "vivi",
  "password": "123456"
 }
 res2 = RequestHandler().post(url2,json=payload)
 print(res.json())
 print(res2.json())

'message': '成功!', 
'result': [{'sid': '31004305',
'text': '羊：师傅，理个发，稍微修一下就行', 
'type': 'video',
'thumbnail': 'http://wimg.spriteapp.cn/picture/2020/0410/5e8fbf227c7f3_wpd.jpg', 
'video': 'http://uvideo.spriteapp.cn/video/2020/0410/5e8fbf227c7f3_wpd.mp4',
'images': None, 
'up': '95',
'down': '1', 
'forward': '0', 
'comment': '25', 
'uid': '23189193', 
'name': '青川小舟', 
'header': 'http://wimg.spriteapp.cn/profile/large/2019/12/24/5e01934bb01b5_mini.jpg', 
'top_comments_content':None, 
'top_comments_voiceuri': None,
'top_comments_uid': None, 
'top_comments_name': None,
'top_comments_header': None, 
'passtime': '2020-04-12 01:43:02'},
{'sid': '30559863', 
'text': '机器人女友，除了不能生孩子，其他的啥都会，价格239000元',
'type': 'video', 
'thumbnail': 'http://wimg.spriteapp.cn/picture/2020/0306/5e61a41172a1b_wpd.jpg',
'video': 'http://uvideo.spriteapp.cn/video/2020/0306/5e61a41172a1b_wpd.mp4', 
'images': None, 'up': '80', 'down': '6',
'forward': '3',
'comment': '20', 
'uid': '23131273', 
'name': '水到渠成',
'header': 'http://wimg.spriteapp.cn/profile/large/2019/07/04/5d1d90349cd1a_mini.jpg', 
'top_comments_content': '为游戏做的秀', 
'top_comments_voiceuri': '',
'top_comments_uid': '10250040', 
'top_comments_name': '不得姐用户', 
'top_comments_header': 'http://wimg.spriteapp.cn/profile',
'passtime': '2020-04-11 20:43:49'}]}
{'token': 'eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJ1c2VyX2lkIjoxLCJ1c2VybmFtZSI6InZpdmkiLCJleHAiOjE1ODY4NTc0MzcsImVtYWlsIjoidml2aUBxcS5jb20ifQ.k6y0dAfNU2o9Hd9LFfxEk1HKgczlQfUaKE-imPfTsm4', 
'user_id': 1,
 'username': 'vivi'}

def get(url, params=None, **kwargs):
 r"""Sends a GET request.
 :param url: URL for the new :class:`Request` object.
 :param params: (optional) Dictionary, list of tuples or bytes to send
  in the query string for the :class:`Request`.
 :param \*\*kwargs: Optional arguments that ``request`` takes.
 :return: :class:`Response <Response>` object
 :rtype: requests.Response
 """
 kwargs.setdefault('allow_redirects', True)
 return request('get', url, params=params, **kwargs)

def post(url, data=None, json=None, **kwargs):
 r"""Sends a POST request.
 :param url: URL for the new :class:`Request` object.
 :param data: (optional) Dictionary, list of tuples, bytes, or file-like
  object to send in the body of the :class:`Request`.
 :param json: (optional) json data to send in the body of the :class:`Request`.
 :param \*\*kwargs: Optional arguments that ``request`` takes.
 :return: :class:`Response <Response>` object
 :rtype: requests.Response
 """
 return request('post', url, data=data, json=json, **kwargs)
 

def request(method, url, **kwargs):
 """Constructs and sends a :class:`Request <Request>`.
 :param method: method for the new :class:`Request` object.
 :param url: URL for the new :class:`Request` object.
 :param params: (optional) Dictionary, list of tuples or bytes to send
  in the query string for the :class:`Request`.
 :param data: (optional) Dictionary, list of tuples, bytes, or file-like
  object to send in the body of the :class:`Request`.
 :param json: (optional) A JSON serializable Python object to send in the body of the :class:`Request`.
 :param headers: (optional) Dictionary of HTTP Headers to send with the :class:`Request`.
 :param cookies: (optional) Dict or CookieJar object to send with the :class:`Request`.
 :param files: (optional) Dictionary of ``'name': file-like-objects`` (or ``{'name': file-tuple}``) for multipart encoding upload.
  ``file-tuple`` can be a 2-tuple ``('filename', fileobj)``, 3-tuple ``('filename', fileobj, 'content_type')``
  or a 4-tuple ``('filename', fileobj, 'content_type', custom_headers)``, where ``'content-type'`` is a string
  defining the content type of the given file and ``custom_headers`` a dict-like object containing additional headers
  to add for the file.
 :param auth: (optional) Auth tuple to enable Basic/Digest/Custom HTTP Auth.
 :param timeout: (optional) How many seconds to wait for the server to send data
  before giving up, as a float, or a :ref:`(connect timeout, read
  timeout) <timeouts>` tuple.
 :type timeout: float or tuple
 :param allow_redirects: (optional) Boolean. Enable/disable GET/OPTIONS/POST/PUT/PATCH/DELETE/HEAD redirection. Defaults to ``True``.
 :type allow_redirects: bool
 :param proxies: (optional) Dictionary mapping protocol to the URL of the proxy.
 :param verify: (optional) Either a boolean, in which case it controls whether we verify
the server's TLS certificate, or a string, in which case it must be a path
to a CA bundle to use. Defaults to ``True``.
 :param stream: (optional) if ``False``, the response content will be immediately downloaded.
 :param cert: (optional) if String, path to ssl client cert file (.pem). If Tuple, ('cert', 'key') pair.
 :return: :class:`Response <Response>` object
 :rtype: requests.Response
 Usage::
>>> import requests
>>> req = requests.request('GET', 'https://httpbin.org/get')
<Response [200]>
 """
 # By using the 'with' statement we are sure the session is closed, thus we
 # avoid leaving sockets open which can trigger a ResourceWarning in some
 # cases, and look like a memory leak in others.
 with sessions.Session() as session:
  return session.request(method=method, url=url, **kwargs)

import requests
class RequestHandler:
 def __init__(self):
  """session管理器"""
  self.session = requests.session()
 def visit(self, method, url, params=None, data=None, json=None, headers=None, **kwargs):
  return self.session.request(method,url, params=params, data=data, json=json, headers=headers,**kwargs)
 def close_session(self):
  """关闭session"""
  self.session.close()
if __name__ == '__main__':
 # 以下是测试代码
 # post请求接口
 url = 'http://127.0.0.1:8000/user/login/'
 payload = {
  "username": "vivi",
  "password": "123456"
 }
 req = RequestHandler()
 login_res = req.visit("post", url, json=payload)
 print(login_res.text)

{
 "token": "eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJ1c2VyX2lkIjoxLCJ1c2VybmFtZSI6InZpdmkiLCJleHAiOjE1ODY4Njk3ODQsImVtYWlsIjoidml2aUBxcS5jb20ifQ.OD4HIv8G0HZ_RCk-GTVAZ9ADRjwqr3o0E32CC_2JMLg",
 "user_id": 1,
 "username": "vivi"
}