Go语言基础结构体用法及示例详解

type 结构名 struct {
  字段1: 字段1的值,
  字段2: 字段2的值,
  ......
}

//学生
type Student struct {
  Name string//姓名
  Age int //年龄
  Sex bool//性别 true:男 false:女
}

var stu Student

var stu *Student = new(Student)

var stu *Student = &Student{}

stu3 := Student{
  Name: "李四",
  Age: 18}

stu4 := Student{
  "王五",
  18,
  true,
}

stu5 := struct {
  Name string
  Age  int
}{
  Name: "王五",
  Age:  18,
}

var stu Student
stu.Name="张三"//赋值
stu.Age=18
stu.Sex=true
fmt.Println(stu.Age)//访问

func 函数名([结构体变量、结构体指针变量]){}

func printStudent(stu Student) {}
func printStudent(stu *Student) {}

var 变量名 *结构名

var stu1 *Student = new(Student)
stu1.Name = "李四"
stu1.Age = 20
stu1.Sex = false

func ([结构体名]) 方法名([参数列表])[返回值列表]{}

var stu Student
stu.Name = "张三"
stu.Age = 18
stu.Sex = false
//调用
stu.sayHi()
//添加结构体方法
func (stu Student) sayHi() {
	fmt.Println(stu.Name, "Hi")
}

package main
import "fmt"
//定义结构体【标识自定义结构体的名称，在同一个包内不能重复】
type Student struct {
	Name string
	Age  int
	Sex  bool
}
func main() {
	//struct定义的三种形式
	var stu Student
	stu.Name = "张三"
	stu.Age = 18
	stu.Sex = false
	fmt.Println(stu)
	var stu1 *Student = new(Student)
	stu1.Name = "李四"
	stu1.Age = 20
	stu1.Sex = false
	fmt.Println(stu1)
	var stu2 *Student = &Student{}
	stu2.Name = "王五"
	stu2.Age = 55
	stu2.Sex = true
	fmt.Println(stu2)
	//初始化结构体
	stu3 := Student{
		Name: "李四",
		Age:  18}
	fmt.Println(stu3)
	stu4 := Student{
		"王五",
		18,
		true,
	}
	fmt.Println(stu4)
	//匿名结构体
	stu5 := struct {
		Name string
		Age  int
	}{
		Name: "王五",
		Age:  18,
	}
	fmt.Println(stu5)
	// printStudent(stu)
	printStudent(stu1)
	stu.sayHi()
}
//添加结构体方法
func (stu Student) sayHi() {
	fmt.Println(stu.Name, "Hi")
}
// func printStudent(stu Student) {
// 	fmt.Println(stu.Name, stu.Age, stu.Sex)
// }
func printStudent(stu *Student) {
	fmt.Println(stu.Name, stu.Age, stu.Sex)
}