一篇文章带你了解Python和Java的正则表达式对比(替换批量)

简单批量替换

举例：将and 批量替换为&&

Python实现

import re
def transformSimple(fromRegex, toText, inText):
 return re.sub(fromRegex, toText,inText, flags =re.I)
if __name__ == "__main__":
 inText = "x =1 and y =2"
 fromRegex = " and "
 toText = " && "
 outText = transformSimple(fromRegex,toText,inText )
 print(outText)
	## OUTPUT： x =1 && y =2

Java实现

import java.util.*;
import java.util.regex.*;
public class RegexTest {
	private static String transformSimple(String regexPattern, String replText, String inText){
  return Pattern.compile(regexPattern, Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE).matcher(inText).replaceAll(replText);
 }
 public static void main(String[] args) {
	 String input = "x =1 and y =2";
  String patternString =" and ";
  String toText = " && ";
  String outText ="";
  outText = transformSimple(patternString, toText, input);
  System.out.println("RESULT: " + outText);
}
// RESULT: x =1 && y =2

复杂模板替换

举例：将x in (1,2)批量替换为[1,2].contains(x)

分析：模板化

输入分组捕获 (\S+)\s+in\s*\((.+?)\)
输出分组填写 [@2].contains(@1) – @1和@2分别对应分组捕获中的第1组和2组。

Python实现

import re
def transformComplex(fromRegex, toText, inText):
 regObj = re.compile(fromRegex, flags =re.I)
 for match in regObj.finditer(inText):
  index = 1
  outText = toText
  for group in match.groups():
outText = outText.replace("@"+str(index), group)
index +=1
  inText = inText.replace(match.group(0), outText)
 return inText
if __name__ == "__main__":
 fromRegex = "(\S+)\s+in\s*\((.+?)\)"
 toText = "[@2].contains(@1)"
 inText = "x in (1,2) and y in (3,4)"
 outText22 = transformComplex(fromRegex, toText, inText)
 print(outText22)
 ## OUTPUT: [1,2].contains(x) and [3,4].contains(y)

Java实现

import java.util.*;
import java.util.regex.*;
public class RegexTest {
	private static String transformComplex(String regexPattern, String replText, String inText){
  Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile(regexPattern, Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE);
  Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(inText);
  String outText ="";
  while (matcher.find()){
outText =  replText;
for (int i =1; i <= matcher.groupCount(); i++){
 outText = outText.replace("@"+i, matcher.group(i));
}
inText = inText.replace(matcher.group(0), outText);
  }
  return inText;
 }
 public static void main(String[] args) {
  String input = "x in (1,2) and y in (3,4)";
  String patternString ="(\\S+)\\s+in\\s*\\((.+?)\\)";
  String toText = "[@2].contains(@1)";
  String outText ="";
  outText = transformComplex(patternString, toText, input);
  System.out.println("RESULT: " + outText);
 }
}
// RESULT: [1,2].contains(x) and [3,4].contains(y)