python网络爬虫之模拟登录 自动获取cookie值 验证码识别的具体实现

import requests
headers = {
  "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/80.0.3987.163 Safari/537.36",
  #手动处理cookie
  # "Cookie": "acw_tc=2760820816186635434807019e3f39e1bf4a8a9b9ad20b50586fb6c8184f56; xq_a_token=520e7bca78673752ed71e19b8820b5eb854123af; xqat=520e7bca78673752ed71e19b8820b5eb854123af; xq_r_token=598dda88240ff69f663261a3bf4ca3d9f9700cc0; xq_id_token=eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiJ9.eyJ1aWQiOi0xLCJpc3MiOiJ1YyIsImV4cCI6MTYyMTIxOTc0OSwiY3RtIjoxNjE4NjYzNTE1MDI1LCJjaWQiOiJkOWQwbjRBWnVwIn0.BGdEgnctB-rv0Xiu8TxrBEshPF4w0StKOE5jKTxy8OFz_pLwNl5VK9v2e8jyU4jaQt9xZTvgsPiYYbiIgmUUpPkamuT0pITHOFoNoKFYFz0syxQMuuAa93pPvSJxeCutqod4cvdWt6f4iRjtHyjAY0zVrv3xLi2ksc9noSf9sH3eLVu9Yjr3PzbF1QDzbXyQsX7oS5Y5Iwt2p-XartCGMlKWzWz9TPiFc3oZ6o7CMWu7Tvfb5D2XGlIU6L8wlPBMwoz2Zdy_zQif9itUqoBvQjNIa3E6UYag-vlY7nNFSDJh0UCobapBjdNITBVVvwFtYn6C-R16y6O8S5iko4E59g; u=461618663543485; Hm_lvt_1db88642e346389874251b5a1eded6e3=1618663545; device_id=24700f9f1986800ab4fcc880530dd0ed; Hm_lpvt_1db88642e346389874251b5a1eded6e3=1618664825"
 }
session = requests.Session() # 创建session对象
# 第一次使用session，捕获请求cookie
url = 'https://so.gushiwen.cn/user/login.aspx?from=http://so.gushiwen.cn/user/collect.aspx'
page_text = session.get(url = url,headers = headers).text
# 解析验证码图片地址
tree = etree.HTML(page_text)
img_src = 'https://so.gushiwen.cn/' + tree.xpath('//*[@id="imgCode"]/@src')[0]
# 将验证码图片保存到本地
img_data = session.get(img_src,headers = headers).content
with open('./code.jpg','wb') as fp:
 fp.write(img_data)

#!/usr/bin/env python
# coding:utf-8
import requests
from hashlib import md5
class Chaojiying_Client(object):
 def __init__(self, username, password, soft_id):
  self.username = username
  password =  password.encode('utf8')
  self.password = md5(password).hexdigest()
  self.soft_id = soft_id
  self.base_params = {
'user': self.username,
'pass2': self.password,
'softid': self.soft_id,
  }
  self.headers = {
'Connection': 'Keep-Alive',
'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 5.1; Trident/4.0)',
  }
 def PostPic(self, im, codetype):
  """
  im: 图片字节
  codetype: 题目类型 参考 http://www.chaojiying.com/price.html
  """
  params = {
'codetype': codetype,
  }
  params.update(self.base_params)
  files = {'userfile': ('ccc.jpg', im)}
  r = requests.post('http://upload.chaojiying.net/Upload/Processing.php', data=params, files=files, headers=self.headers)
  return r.json()
 def ReportError(self, im_id):
  """
  im_id:报错题目的图片ID
  """
  params = {
'id': im_id,
  }
  params.update(self.base_params)
  r = requests.post('http://upload.chaojiying.net/Upload/ReportError.php', data=params, headers=self.headers)
  return r.json()

if __name__ == '__main__':
 chaojiying = Chaojiying_Client('超级鹰用户名', '超级鹰用户名的密码', '96001')	#用户中心>>软件ID 生成一个替换 96001
 im = open('a.jpg', 'rb').read()	#本地图片文件路径 来替换 a.jpg 有时WIN系统须要//
 print(chaojiying.PostPic(im, 1902))#1902 验证码类型  官方网站>>价格体系 3.4+版 print 后要加()

# 模拟登录
# 流程：1 对点击登录按钮对应的请求进行发送（post请求）
#2 处理请求参数：
#  用户名 密码 验证码 其他防伪参数
import requests
from lxml import etree
from chaojiying_Python.chaojiying import Chaojiying_Client
headers = {
  "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/80.0.3987.163 Safari/537.36",
}
# 封装好的验证码识别函数
def tranformImgCode(imgPath,imgType):
 chaojiying = Chaojiying_Client('用户名', '密码', '软件ID')	  # 用户中心>>软件ID 生成一个替换 软件ID
 im = open(imgPath, 'rb').read()	#本地图片文件路径 来替换 a.jpg 有时WIN系统须要//
 return(chaojiying.PostPic(im, imgType))['pic_str']
# 自动获取cookie
session = requests.Session()
# 识别验证码
url = 'https://so.gushiwen.cn/user/login.aspx?from=http://so.gushiwen.cn/user/collect.aspx'
page_text = session.get(url = url,headers = headers).text
# 解析验证码图片地址
tree = etree.HTML(page_text)
img_src = 'https://so.gushiwen.cn/' + tree.xpath('//*[@id="imgCode"]/@src')[0]
# 将验证码图片保存到本地
img_data = session.get(img_src,headers = headers).content
with open('./code.jpg','wb') as fp:
 fp.write(img_data)
# 识别验证码
code_text = tranformImgCode('./code.jpg',1902)
print(code_text)
login_url = 'https://so.gushiwen.cn/user/login.aspx?from=http%3a%2f%2fso.gushiwen.cn%2fuser%2fcollect.aspx'
data = {
 '__VIEWSTATE': 'frn5Bnnr5HRYCoJJ9fIlFFjsta310405ClDr+hy0/V9dyMGgBf34A2YjI8iCAaXHZarltdz1LPU8hGWIAUP9y5eLjxKeYaJxouGAa4YcCPC+qLQstMsdpWvKGjg=',
 '__VIEWSTATEGENERATOR': 'C93BE1AE',
 'from': 'http://so.gushiwen.cn/user/collect.aspx',
 'email': '用户名', # 更换自己的用户名
 'pwd': '密码',  # 更换自己的密码
 'code': code_text,
 'denglu': '登录'
}
# 对点击登录按钮发起请求,获取登录成功后对应的页面源码数据
page_text_login = session.post(url = login_url,data = data,headers = headers).text
with open('./gushiwen.html','w',encoding = 'utf-8') as fp:
 fp.write(page_text_login)