Python编程tkinter库Canvas实现涂鸦颜色表及围棋盘示例(实例颜色)

tkinter库Canvas操作三个实例

实例一：涂鸦

import tkinter as tk
import pyautogui as ag
from time import sleep
def paint(event):
  x1, y1 = (event.x - 1), (event.y - 1)
  x2, y2 = (event.x + 1), (event.y + 1)
  tCanvas.create_oval(x1, y1, x2, y2, fill = "black")
def moveRect(w,h):
  ag.moveRel(w,0, duration=w/1000)  # moveRel移动  # dragRel拖曳
  ag.moveRel(0,h, duration=h/1000)
  ag.moveRel(-w,0, duration=w/1000)
  ag.moveRel(0,-h, duration=h/1000)
  sleep(0.5)
win = tk.Tk()
X,Y=ag.size()
winPos = "640x480+"
winPos += str((X-640)//2)+"+"
winPos += str((Y-480)//2)
win.geometry(winPos)
win.resizable(False, False)
win.title('桌面分辨率：'+str(X)+"x"+str(Y))
win.update()
tCanvas = tk.Canvas(win, width = win.winfo_width(), height = 400, bg = 'white')
tCanvas.pack(side = "top") 
tCanvas.bind("<B1-Motion>", paint)
tCanvas.update()
tk.Label(win, text = "画布作图").pack(side = "bottom")
x0,y0 = 150,60
w,h = 350,160
x , y = win.winfo_rootx()+x0, win.winfo_rooty()+y0
ag.moveTo(x, y, duration=0.5) 
moveRect(w,h)
#画直线
tCanvas.create_line(x0, y0, x0+w, y0)
tCanvas.create_line(x0+w, y0, x0+w, y0+h)
#可以把左上和右下两个坐标点一起赋值给变量
coord = x0+w, y0+h, x0, y0+h
tCanvas.create_line(coord)
coord = x0, y0+h, x0, y0
tCanvas.create_line(coord, fill = 'blue')
tCanvas.update()
moveRect(w-h/3,h)
#画矩形
coord = x0+1,y0+1,x0+w-1-h/3,y0+h-1
tCanvas.create_rectangle(coord,fill='limegreen')
tCanvas.update() 
moveRect(h,h)
#画圆或椭圆
coord = x0,y0,x0+h,y0+h
tCanvas.create_oval(coord,fill='deepskyblue')
tCanvas.update()
x0=x0+h/2
ag.moveRel(h/2,0)
moveRect(w-h/2,h)
coord = x0,y0,x0+w-h/2,y0+h
tCanvas.create_oval(coord,fill='deeppink')
tCanvas.update() 
#画扇形、弓形或一段弧
#type = PIESLICE 扇形、CHORD 弓形、ARC 弧形
sleep(1)
coord = 100, 100, 300, 300
tCanvas.create_arc(coord,start=0,extent=180,fill='gold')
tCanvas.update()
sleep(1)
coord = 240, 60, 490, 310
#颜色也可用6位16进制数的GRB值表示
tCanvas.create_arc(coord,style=tk.CHORD,start=10,fill='#7CFC00')
tCanvas.update()
sleep(1)
coord = 180, 10, 470, 300
tCanvas.create_arc(coord,style=tk.ARC,width=3,dash=6,extent=-180)
#参数有很多，可以上网搜相关参数表 
win.mainloop()

运行效果图：

注：程序运行时，按下鼠标左键就可以在画布上作图，上图 python 字样就是本人所画 ^_^

其它作图函数：

# 多边形、三角形
tCanvas.create_polygon((10,100,10,180,100,180),fill='blue')
# 文字
tCanvas.create_text((150,50),text=u'输出文字',anchor=E) 
# 位图
bmap={1:'error',2:'info',3:'question',4:'hourglass'}
for i in bmap:
 tCanvas.create_bitmap((20*i,20),bitmap=bmap[i]) 
# 调入图片
img=PhotoImage(file='D:/pictures/exam.gif')
tCanvas.create_image((200,200),image=img)
tCanvas.pack()

实例二：颜色表

import tkinter as tk
import pyautogui as ag
win = tk.Tk()
X,Y=ag.size()
W,H=1200,800
winPos = str(W)+"x"+str(H)+"+"
winPos += str((X-W)//2)+"+"
winPos += str((Y-H)//2)
win.geometry(winPos)
win.resizable(False, False)
win.title('桌面分辨率：'+str(X)+"x"+str(Y)+' '*6+'窗口大小：'+str(W)+"x"+str(H))
win.update() 
colorTuple=(
('black', '#000000'),
('navy',  '#000080'),
('darkblue', '#00008B'),
('mediumblue',  '#0000CD'),
('blue',  '#0000FF'),
('darkgreen','#006400'),
('green', '#008000'),
('teal',  '#008080'),
('darkcyan', '#008B8B'),
('deepskyblue', '#00BFFF'),
('darkturquoise',  '#00CED1'),
('mediumspringgreen', '#00FA9A'),
('lime',  '#00FF00'),
('springgreen', '#00FF7F'),
('aqua',  '#00FFFF'),
('cyan',  '#00FFFF'),
('midnightblue','#191970'),
('dodgerblue',  '#1E90FF'),
('lightseagreen',  '#20B2AA'),
('forestgreen', '#228B22'),
('seagreen', '#2E8B57'),
('darkslategray',  '#2F4F4F'),
('limegreen','#32CD32'),
('mediumseagreen', '#3CB371'),
('turquoise','#40E0D0'),
('royalblue','#4169E1'),
('steelblue','#4682B4'),
('darkslateblue',  '#483D8B'),
('mediumturquoise','#48D1CC'),
('indigo','#4B0082'),
('darkolivegreen', '#556B2F'),
('cadetblue','#5F9EA0'),
('cornflowerblue', '#6495ED'),
('mediumaquamarine',  '#66CDAA'),
('dimgray',  '#696969'),
('slateblue','#6A5ACD'),
('olivedrab','#6B8E23'),
('slategray','#708090'),
('lightslategray', '#778899'),
('mediumslateblue','#7B68EE'),
('lawngreen','#7CFC00'),
('chartreuse',  '#7FFF00'),
('aquamarine',  '#7FFFD4'),
('maroon','#800000'),
('purple','#800080'),
('olive', '#808000'),
('gray',  '#808080'),
('skyblue',  '#87CEEB'),
('lightskyblue','#87CEFA'),
('blueviolet',  '#8A2BE2'),
('darkred',  '#8B0000'),
('darkmagenta', '#8B008B'),
('saddlebrown', '#8B4513'),
('darkseagreen','#8FBC8F'),
('lightgreen',  '#90EE90'),
('mediumpurple','#9370DB'),
('darkviolet',  '#9400D3'),
('palegreen','#98FB98'),
('darkorchid',  '#9932CC'),
('yellowgreen', '#9ACD32'),
('sienna','#A0522D'),
('brown', '#A52A2A'),
('darkgray', '#A9A9A9'),
('lightblue','#ADD8E6'),
('greenyellow', '#ADFF2F'),
('paleturquoise',  '#AFEEEE'),
('lightsteelblue', '#B0C4DE'),
('powderblue',  '#B0E0E6'),
('firebrick','#B22222'),
('darkgoldenrod',  '#B8860B'),
('mediumorchid','#BA55D3'),
('rosybrown','#BC8F8F'),
('darkkhaki','#BDB76B'),
('silver','#C0C0C0'),
('mediumvioletred','#C71585'),
('indianred','#CD5C5C'),
('peru',  '#CD853F'),
('chocolate','#D2691E'),
('tan','#D2B48C'),
('lightgray','#D3D3D3'),
('thistle',  '#D8BFD8'),
('orchid','#DA70D6'),
('goldenrod','#DAA520'),
('palevioletred',  '#DB7093'),
('crimson',  '#DC143C'),
('gainsboro','#DCDCDC'),
('plum',  '#DDA0DD'),
('burlywood','#DEB887'),
('lightcyan','#E0FFFF'),
('lavender', '#E6E6FA'),
('darksalmon',  '#E9967A'),
('violet','#EE82EE'),
('palegoldenrod',  '#EEE8AA'),
('lightcoral',  '#F08080'),
('khaki', '#F0E68C'),
('aliceblue','#F0F8FF'),
('honeydew', '#F0FFF0'),
('azure', '#F0FFFF'),
('wheat', '#F5DEB3'),
('beige', '#F5F5DC'),
('whitesmoke',  '#F5F5F5'),
('mintcream','#F5FFFA'),
('ghostwhite',  '#F8F8FF'),
('salmon','#FA8072'),
('sandybrown',  '#FAA460'),
('antiquewhite','#FAEBD7'),
('linen', '#FAF0E6'),
('lightgoldenrodyellow', '#FAFAD2'),
('oldlace',  '#FDF5E6'),
('red','#FF0000'),
('fuchsia',  '#FF00FF'),
('magenta',  '#FF00FF'),
('deeppink', '#FF1493'),
('orangered','#FF4500'),
('tomato','#FF6347'),
('hotpink',  '#FF69B4'),
('coral', '#FF7F50'),
('darkorange',  '#FF8C00'),
('lightsalmon', '#FFA07A'),
('orange','#FFA500'),
('lightpink','#FFB6C1'),
('pink',  '#FFC0CB'),
('gold',  '#FFD700'),
('peachpuff','#FFDAB9'),
('navajowhite', '#FFDEAD'),
('moccasin', '#FFE4B5'),
('bisque','#FFE4C4'),
('mistyrose','#FFE4E1'),
('blanchedalmond', '#FFEBCD'),
('papayawhip',  '#FFEFD5'),
('lavenderblush',  '#FFF0F5'),
('seashell', '#FFF5EE'),
('cornsilk', '#FFF8DC'),
('lemonchiffon','#FFFACD'),
('floralwhite', '#FFFAF0'),
('snow',  '#FFFAFA'),
('yellow','#FFFF00'),
('lightyellow', '#FFFFE0'),
('ivory', '#FFFFF0'),
('white', '#FFFFFF')) 
tv = tk.Canvas(win, width = win.winfo_width(), height = win.winfo_height())
tv.pack(side = "top") 
i = 0
rows = 35
w, h = 40, 10
w1, h1, h2 = 100, 28, 22
for ct in colorTuple:
 j = (i//rows) * 300
 k = i * h2 - (i//rows) * h2 * rows
 x,y = j + w, k + h
 coord = x, y, j + w1, k + h1
 tv.create_rectangle(coord,fill=ct[1])
 tv.create_text((x+70,y+9),text=ct[1],anchor=tk.W,font=("宋体",9))
 tv.create_text((x+120,y+9),text=ct[0],anchor=tk.W,font=("宋体",9))
 i+=1 
tv.update() 
for i in colorTuple:
 print(i[0],'\t' if len(i[0])>14 else '\t\t' if len(i[0])>6 else '\t\t\t',i[1])

运行效果图：

这些颜色已经足够多了，但据说装了seaborn扩展的话xkcd_rgb包含的颜色数(有英文名称的)会有更多......

实例三：围棋盘

import tkinter as tk
import pyautogui as ag
win = tk.Tk() 
X,Y=ag.size()
W,H=800,800
winPos = str(W)+"x"+str(H)+"+"
winPos += str((X-W)//2)+"+"
winPos += str((Y-H)//2)
win.geometry(winPos)
win.resizable(False, False)
win.title('桌面分辨率：'+str(X)+"x"+str(Y)+' '*6+'窗口大小：'+str(W)+"x"+str(H))
win.update() 
tv = tk.Canvas(win, width = win.winfo_width(), height = win.winfo_height())
tv.pack(side = "top")
for i in range(18):
 coord = 40, 40, 760, i*40 + 80
 tv.create_rectangle(coord)
 coord = 40, 40, i*40 + 80, 760
 tv.create_rectangle(coord) 
coord = 40, 40, 760, 760
tv.create_rectangle(coord,width=2) 
x = (160,160,160,400,400,400,640,640,640)
y = (160,400,640,160,400,640,160,400,640) 
for i in range(9):
 tv.create_oval(x[i]-2,y[i]-2,x[i]+2,y[i]+2,fill='black') 
tv.update()