Python实现csv文件(点表和线表)转换为shapefile文件的方法

import os, re
import geopandas as gpd
import gdal
import pandas as pd
from osgeo import ogr, osr  # osr用于获取坐标系统，ogr用于处理矢量文件
from conf.path_config import gis_excel_dir
# 解决shp dbf 文件中文编码选自自己想转的编码常用的 gbk  gb2312  utf8
# gdal.SetConfigOption("SHAPE_ENCODING", "")
# gdal.SetConfigOption("SHAPE_ENCODING", "gb2312")
gdal.SetConfigOption("SHAPE_ENCODING", "gbk")

def point_csv_2_shp(path, shp_fn):
 """
 point  转 shp
 """
 os.chdir(os.path.dirname(path))  # 将path所在的目录设置为当前文件夹
 ds = ogr.Open(path, 1)  # 1代表可读可写，默认为0
 csv_lyr = ds.GetLayer()  # 获取csv文件
 sr = osr.SpatialReference()
 sr.ImportFromEPSG(4326)  # 定义坐标系统
 shp_driver = ogr.GetDriverByName('ESRI Shapefile')  # 获取shapefile文件处理句柄
 if os.path.exists(shp_fn):  # 如果文件夹中已存在同名文件则先删除
  shp_driver.DeleteDataSource(shp_fn)
 shp_ds = shp_driver.CreateDataSource(shp_fn)
 layer = shp_ds.CreateLayer(shp_fn, sr, ogr.wkbPoint)  # 创建一个点图层
 layer.CreateField(ogr.FieldDefn('id', ogr.OFTString))
 layer.CreateField(ogr.FieldDefn('ground_h', ogr.OFTString))
 layer.CreateField(ogr.FieldDefn('type', ogr.OFTString))
 for csv_row in csv_lyr:  # 对于csv文件中每一行
  point_feature = ogr.Feature(layer.GetLayerDefn())  # 创建一个点
  x = csv_row.GetFieldAsDouble('横坐标')  # csv中的坐标字段
  y = csv_row.GetFieldAsDouble('纵坐标')  # csv中的坐标字段
  shp_pt = ogr.Geometry(ogr.wkbPoint)  # 创建几何点
  shp_pt.AddPoint(x, y)
  # 获取csv字段
  # 为创建的shp文件字段赋值
  point_feature.SetField('id', csv_row.GetFieldAsString('local_id'))  # GetFieldAsString  获取csv中的列名
  point_feature.SetField('ground_h', csv_row.GetFieldAsString('ground_h'))
  point_feature.SetField('type', csv_row.GetFieldAsString('dev_type'))
  point_feature.SetGeometry(shp_pt)  # 将点的几何数据添加到点中
  layer.CreateFeature(point_feature)  # 将点写入到图层中
 del ds
 del shp_ds  # 释放句柄，文件缓冲到磁盘
 print("This process has succeeded!")

def line_csv_2_dbf(path, shp_fn):
 """
 geometry坐标为 LineString坐标
 """
 os.chdir(os.path.dirname(path))  # 将path所在的目录设置为当前文件夹
 ds = ogr.Open(path, 1)  # 1代表可读可写，默认为0
 csv_lyr = ds.GetLayer()  # 获取csv文件
 sr = osr.SpatialReference()
 sr.ImportFromEPSG(4326)  # 定义坐标系统
 shp_driver = ogr.GetDriverByName('ESRI Shapefile')  # 获取shapefile文件处理句柄
 if os.path.exists(shp_fn):  # 如果文件夹中已存在同名文件则先删除
  shp_driver.DeleteDataSource(shp_fn)
 shp_ds = shp_driver.CreateDataSource(shp_fn)
 layer = shp_ds.CreateLayer(shp_fn, sr, ogr.wkbLineString)  # 创建多个点图层
 layer.CreateField(ogr.FieldDefn('id', ogr.OFTString))
 layer.CreateField(ogr.FieldDefn('l_id', ogr.OFTString))
 layer.CreateField(ogr.FieldDefn('u_id', ogr.OFTString))
 for csv_row in csv_lyr:  # 对于csv文件中每一行
  point_feature = ogr.Feature(layer.GetLayerDefn())
  x1 = csv_row.GetFieldAsDouble('x1')  # csv中的 x1坐标
  y1 = csv_row.GetFieldAsDouble('y1')  # y1坐标
  x2 = csv_row.GetFieldAsDouble('x2')  # x1坐标
  y2 = csv_row.GetFieldAsDouble('y2')  # y2坐标
  mult_coord = '(' + str(x1) + ' ' + str(y1) + ',' + str(x2) + ' ' + str(y2) + ')'
  # geom = ogr.CreateGeometryFromWkt('LINESTRING ' + '(2 1,0 1)')
  geom = ogr.CreateGeometryFromWkt('LINESTRING' + mult_coord)
  # 获取csv字段
  # 为创建的shp文件字段赋值
  point_feature.SetField('id', csv_row.GetFieldAsString('gid'))  # GetFieldAsString  获取csv中的列名
  point_feature.SetField('l_id', csv_row.GetFieldAsString('l_id'))
  point_feature.SetField('u_id', csv_row.GetFieldAsString('u_id'))
  point_feature.SetGeometryDirectly(geom)
  layer.CreateFeature(point_feature)
 del ds
 del shp_ds  # 释放句柄，文件缓冲到磁盘
 print("This process has succeeded!")

def read_shapefile(path):
 """
 测试转成的shp文件
 """
 df = gpd.read_file(path, encoding='gbk', rows=20)  # 转shp前的编码格式
 print(df)

if __name__ == '__main__':
 '''线表转shp  以及读取测试'''
 shp_fn = "gd.shp"  # 最终要得到的shp文件的文件名
 path = os.path.join(gis_excel_dir, 'line.csv')  # csv文件名称
 line_csv_2_dbf(path=path, shp_fn=shp_fn)
 # 读取测试转之后的结果
 read_shapefile(path=os.path.join(gis_excel_dir, 'gd.shp'))
 '''点表转shp  以及读取测试'''
 # shp_fn = "xnd.shp"
 # path = os.path.join(gis_excel_dir, 'point.csv')  # csv文件名称
 # point_csv_2_shp(path=path, shp_fn=shp_fn)
 # 读取测试转之后的结果
 # read_shapefile(path=os.path.join(gis_excel_dir, 'point.shp'))