python小练习之爬鱿鱼游戏的评价生成词云(页面评论)

分析页面

还是老样子，兄弟们先打开我们最喜欢的google浏览器，点击F12，开启爬虫快乐模式
来到页面，如下图步骤，逐个点击

然后我们就发现这个页面确实很简单，每一条评论就是包在了class为short的span标签内，那就可以开始写xpath了,如下图

这样一页的评论就拿到了，接下来就是换页了
有一个小技巧，不需要我们自己写xpath，直接用google浏览器可以生成xpath，如下图所示

点击这个Copy path这样就拿到了按钮的xpath的内容，然后实现点击页面就可以了，好了就这样分析完了，接下来开始写代码了。

重要代码

selenium打开豆瓣短评页面

# 待打开的页面
 url = 'https://movie.douban.com/subject/34812928/comments?limit=20&status=P&sort=new_score'
 # 躲避智能检测
 option = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
 # option.headless = True
 option.add_experimental_option('excludeSwitches', ['enable-automation'])
 option.add_experimental_option('useAutomationExtension', False)
 driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=option)
 driver.execute_cdp_cmd('Page.addScriptToEvaluateOnNewDocument',{'source': 'Object.defineProperty(navigator, "webdriver", {get: () => undefined})'
})
 #打开页面
 driver.get(url)

根据xpath来获取评论内容

这里获取评论的xpath语句

//span[@class="short"]

获取评论代码

  options = driver.find_elements(By.XPATH, '//span[@class="short"]')
  for i in options:
  text=text+i.text

实现跳转下一页

下一页的按钮xpath

//*[@id="paginator"]/a

跳转按钮点击代码

  nextpage = driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '//*[@id="paginator"]/a')
  nextpage.click()

完整代码

词云生成工具类

# -*- codeing = utf-8 -*-
# @Time : 2021/10/9 20:54
# @Author : xiaow
# @File : wordcloudutil.py
# @Software : PyCharm

from wordcloud import WordCloud
import PIL.Image as image
import numpy as np
import jieba

def trans_CN(text):
 # 接收分词的字符串
 word_list = jieba.cut(text)
 # 分词后在单独个体之间加上空格
 result = " ".join(word_list)
 return result

def getWordCloud(text):
 # print(text)
 text = trans_CN(text)
 # 词云背景图
 mask = np.array(image.open("E://file//pics//mask3.jpg"))
 wordcloud = WordCloud(
  mask=mask,
  # 字体样式文件
  font_path="C:\Windows\Fonts\STXINGKA.TTF",
  background_color='white'
 ).generate(text)
 image_produce = wordcloud.to_image()
 image_produce.show()

评论获取代码

# -*- codeing = utf-8 -*-
# @Time : 2021/6/27 22:29
# @Author : xiaow
# @File : test.py
# @Software : PyCharm
import time
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from api import wordcloudutil
if __name__ == '__main__':
 url = 'https://movie.douban.com/subject/34812928/comments?limit=20&status=P&sort=new_score'
 # 躲避智能检测
 option = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
 # option.headless = True
 option.add_experimental_option('excludeSwitches', ['enable-automation'])
 option.add_experimental_option('useAutomationExtension', False)
 driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=option)
 driver.execute_cdp_cmd('Page.addScriptToEvaluateOnNewDocument',{'source': 'Object.defineProperty(navigator, "webdriver", {get: () => undefined})'
})
 driver.get(url)
 text=''
 # 获取所有的选项元素
 j=0
 while 1:
  # 定位到新跳转的页面
  time.sleep(1)
  driver.switch_to.window(driver.window_handles[0])
  options = driver.find_elements(By.XPATH, '//span[@class="short"]')
  for i in options:
  text=text+i.text
  time.sleep(2)
  nextpage = driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '//*[@id="paginator"]/a')
  nextpage.click()
  j=j+1
  if j>10:
break
 print(text)
 wordcloudutil.getWordCloud(text)